Syllabus of Entrance Exams

BIOLOGY

Systematic subtyping

Protozoa, their subtyping and impact, Sporozoa, Ciliata, Porifera, Cnidaria and Acnidaria, Plathelmintes, Nemathelminthes, Mollusca, Annelida, Arthropoda - their characteristic and subtyping, Deuterostomia, Chordata, Vertebrata, Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Mammalia, Primates, Viruses, Bacteria

The general biology

The cell and its structure. The cell cycle. The cell division. The cell metabolism. The cell organelles, their structure and function. Chromosomes and their structure, number of chromosomes. Intra and extranuclear DNA, their structure and function. RNA and its types, structure and function. The protein synthesis. The genetic code. Mendel+s hybridisation experiments and the rules of inheritance. Heritability of sex. Human hereditary diseases. Spontaneous and induced mutations and mutagenic factors. The origin of the life on Earth and its evolution. The origin and evolution of the man, the main periods and human races. Sexual and asexual reproduction. Ontogenesis. Heterotrophy, autotrophy and mixotrophy. Photosynthesis. Ecology and basic ecological terms. The circulation of substances in the nature and the food-chain. Biotic and abiotic compounds of the environment. Characteristic of the ecosystem and possible ways of its evolution.

The biology of the man

The bones, their structure and conjunction. The skeleton of the man. Voluntary and smooth muscles. The internal environment and the subtyping of body fluids. The blood, its composition, amount and function. The red blood cells, their shape, composition, function and lifetime. Leukocytes, their subtyping, quantity and function. Non-specific and specific immunity, immunisation and vaccination. The blood groups and transfusion. The Rhesus-factor. The coagulation of blood. The human heart, its structure and function. The circulation of blood. The capillaries and the production of the tissue fluid. The control of blood circulation. The lymph and its circulation. The respiratory system of the man. The exchange of gasses in the lungs and tissues. The breathing control. The digestive system of the man and the function of its particular parts. The digestion and digestive enzymes. Convertion of particular nutrients and the role of saccharids, lipids and proteins. The liver and its function.. The optimal composition of the food according to quality and quantity. Vitamins soluble in lipids and their impact. The B group vitamins, their function and avitaminosis manifestation. Vitamin C and its function, avitaminosis. The body temperature and its regulation. The kidneys and their function. The skin and its working. The endocrine glands. Insulin and its role. The adrenals and their hormones. The thyroid gland and its function. The parathyroid glands. The anterior and posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, their hormones and function. The neurone and its structure. The nervous impulse and its conduction. Conditioned and unconditioned reflexes. The inocluntary nervous system and its function. The human brain, its structure and function of the particular parts. The olfaction. The taste. The skin perception. The sight, the eye, its structure and function. The vestibular apparatus. The men’s hearing. The function of the ovaries and female sex hormones. The menstrual cycle. The pregnancy, the intrauterine development, placenta and its function, the labour.. the function of the testes, male sex hormone and its effects. The periods of man’s lifetime and their characteristic.

PHYSICS

• Standard prefixes used to denote multiples of ten
• Conversion of metrical units of length, surface and volume, density of water
• Kinematics
• Newton’s laws of motion
• Circular motion
• Work, energy, impulse of force, momentum
• Hydrostatics and hydrodynamics
• Isotherm, isobaric and isochoric processes
• Laws of thermodynamics
• Sound
• Current, voltage and resistance, AC and DC current
• Basic electrical elements, capacitors, resistors, coils. Series and parallel wiring.
• Light, lenses and mirrors, focal equation, microscope, telescope, human eye
• The nature of the atom, x-rays
• Radioactivity, radioactive decay, half life

CHEMISTRY

• Atoms, atomic structure, the periodic table, electron structure,
  electron configuration and the periodic table
• Chemical bonds, ionic and covalent bonds, H-bonds
• Chemical names and formulas, chemical equations, the mole
• Acids and bases, pH, strong and weak acids and bases
• Oxidation ad reduction
• The common inorganic compounds, chemistry of the Earth
• The common compounds of H, Na, K, Cu, Ag
• Water, concentration of the solutions in mol and %
• The common compounds of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Cd, Hg
• The common compounds of B, Al, C, Si, Sn, Pb
• The common compounds of A, P, As, Sb, Bi
• The properties of oxygen
• The common compounds of S, Se, Cr, Mo, W
• The common compounds of F, Cl, Br, I, Mn
• The common compounds of Fe, Co, Ni, Os, Pt
• Chemical calculations based on chemical equations, the use of Avogadro+s number
• Organic compounds, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, isomers,
  saturated and unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons the common halogen derivatives
• Alkohols, aldehydes and acids, phenols and quinones
• Carboxylic acid derivatives – esters, amides, anhydrides
• Heterocyclic derivatives, pyridine, pyrrole, pyrimidine, purine, imidazole and some derivatives
• Aminoacids, peptides, proteins
• Saccharides – the most important mono-, di- and polysaccharides
• Lipids – fats oils, phospholipids, Steroids – cholesterol
• Nucleic acids and their components, Vitamins

 The list of recommended books for the entrance exam

According to fact that students /applicants come from different countries with different level of high/secondary  school we cannot  insist on strictly recommended literature/books for preparation for the admission exams in Biology, Chemistry and Physics. The following selection  of the books  j u s t  represents some  Study guides for A Levels (corresponding with A Levels in U.K.): 

1. Glenn and Susan Toole : Understanding Biology For Advanced Level. Stanley Thornes Publ. 1991, 1995, 1999
2. Glenn and Susan Toole : Biology for Advanced Level. Course Study Guide. Stanley Thornes Publ. 2000
3. Breithaupt Jim: Understanding Physics For Advanced Level. Stanley Thornes Publ. 1990, 1995, 2000
4. Breithaupt Jim: Physics For Advanced Level, Course Study Guide. Stanley Thornes Ltd. 2000
5. Ramsden E.N.: A – Level Chemistry.Nelson  Thornes Ltd. 1994, 2000
6. Ewen D., Schurter N.: Physics for Career Education. Prentice Hall Int. 2002
7. Hill J.W., Kolb D.K.: Chemistry for Changing Times, Pearson Prentice Hall 2001, 2004.